“Kingsley’s Speeches” in “Class Warrior”
Kingsley’s Speeches
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches on behalf of the Socialist Labor Party in California in the 1890s:
“Discussed the Charter,” San Francisco Call, 19 March 1895, p. 4
“To Celebrate Labor Day,” San Francisco Call, 9 April 1895, p. 11
“The Socialists,” San Francisco Call, 19 March 1896, p. 9
“Will Carry a Red Flag,” San Francisco Call, 26 April 1896, p. 21
“Socialists Celebrate,” San Francisco Call, 2 May 1896, p. 5
“Socialism and the Economy,” San Francisco Call, 9 July 1896, p. 9
“The Socialists,” San Francisco Examiner, 10 July 1896, p. 10
“Socialist Open-Air Meeting,” San Francisco Chronicle, 9 August 1896, p. 32
“Eight Socialists Arrested,” San Francisco Chronicle, 16 August 1896, p. 28
“Socialists Explain Their Principles,” San Francisco Examiner, 17 August 1896, p. 4
“The Right of Free Speech,” San Francisco Call, 16 August 1896, p. 16
“Socialists in Public Protest,” San Francisco Call, 20 August 1896, p. 8
“Labor Day at the Big Temple,” San Francisco Call, 7 September 1896, p. 12
“They Were Not Disturbed,” San Francisco Examiner, 15 September 1896, p. 8
“Socialist Labor Party.” San Francisco Call, 27 September 1896, p. 4
“Socialists in the Country,” San Francisco Call, 8 March 1897, p. 12
G. B. Benham, “California,” The People (New York), 4 April 1897, p. 1
“The Socialists,” San Francisco Call, 5 April 1897, p. 5
“International Labor Day,” San Francisco Call, 16 April 1897, p. 9
“Socialists Keep Labor Day Holy,” San Francisco Call, 2 May 1897, p. 9
“Socialist Labor Party Is Working,” San Francisco Examiner, 1 August 1898, p. 5
“Socialists’ Meeting,” San Francisco Call, 14 November 1898, p. 5
“Imperialism Denounced by the Socialists,” San Francisco Call, 31 May 1899, p. 7
“The Socialist Labor Party,” The Californian (Salinas), 14 July 1899, p. 3
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches on behalf of the Nanaimo Socialist Club, the Revolutionary Socialist Party of Canada (RSPC), the Socialist Party of British Columbia (SPBC), and the Socialist Party of Canada (SPC) in British Columbia from 1902 to May 1908:
“The World of Labor,” Victoria Daily Colonist, 16 March 1902, p. 10
“Socialist Lectures,” Victoria Daily Colonist, 19 March 1902, p. 2
Untitled, Victoria Daily Times, 20 March 1902, p. 5
“A Convincing Speaker,” Nanaimo Daily News, 24 March 1902, p. 4
“The Socialist Movement in British Columbia,” Lardeau Eagle (Ferguson), 27 March 1902, p. 3
“Provincial Progressive Party,” Independent (Vancouver), 19 April 1902, p. 3
Untitled, Victoria Daily Times, 10 May 1902, p. 5
“Local News,” Victoria Daily Colonist, 11 May 1902, p. 5
“City News in Brief,” Victoria Daily Times, 13 May 1902, p. 5
“Socialists in New Hall,” Nanaimo Daily News, 11 July 1902, p. 4
Untitled, Victoria Daily Times, 31 January 1903, p. 5
“Mildly Riotous—Public Meeting Captured by Socialists,” Nanaimo Free Press, 20 February 1903, pp. 1 and 4
“The New Politics,” Nanaimo Daily News, 18 March 1903, pp. 1 and 2
“Socialism in the Local House,” Western Socialist (Vancouver), 1 May 1903, p. 1
“Telegraphic Items—Nanaimo,” Cumberland News, 19 May 1903, p. 1
David M. Halliday, “Organizer Kingsley in Cumberland,” Western Clarion, 26 June 1903, p. 1
G. Weston Wrigley, “News from the Seat of War,” Western Clarion, 26 June 1903, pp. 1 and 3
“Extension Miners Accept Agreement,” Victoria Daily Colonist, 3 July 1903, p. 1
“Straws in the Life Stream,” Western Clarion, 24 July 1903, p. 4
“E. T. Kingsley’s Rousing Meetings,” Western Clarion, 31 July 1903, p. 4
“Straws in the Life Stream,” Western Clarion, 7 August 1903, p. 4
“Robillard-Caulfield,” Boundary Creek Times, 21 August 1903, p. 1
“Brief News Notes,” Phoenix Pioneer, 19 September 1903, p. 7
“‘Small and Early’ Given by Socialists,” Nanaimo Daily News, 1 October 1903, pp. 2 and 3
“Straws in the Life Stream,” Western Clarion, 22 October 1903, p. 4
Untitled, Western Clarion, 13 August 1904, p. 4
“Socialists Start the Campaign Here,” Ladysmith Daily Ledger, 13 October 1904, pp. 1 and 4
“Localisms,” Revelstoke Herald, 9 March 1905, p. 9
“BC Provincial Executive,” Western Clarion, 11 March 1905, p. 4
“Localisms,” Revelstoke Herald, 9 March 1905, p. 9
Advertisement, Western Clarion, 16 December 1905, p. 3
“Kingsley Calls Them All Loons,” Vancouver World, 20 December 1905, p. 9
“Commune Anniversary,” Western Clarion, 24 March 1906, p. 4
“Single Tax vs. Socialism,” Nanaimo Daily News, 25 July 1905, p. 3
Untitled, Ladysmith Daily Ledger, 27 July 1905, p. 1
“Brief Mention,” Nanaimo Daily News, 31 July 1905, p. 4
“Rival Debaters,” Nanaimo Daily News, 1 August 1905, p. 3
Untitled, The Prospector (Lillooet), 3 August 1905, p. 2
“Chilliwack, B.C.” and “Revelstoke, B.C.,” Western Clarion, 9 December 1905, p. 4
“Dominion Organizing Fund,” Western Clarion, 3 March 1906, p. 2
“Revelstoke Socialists,” Western Clarion, 7 April 1906, p. 4
“Socialist Leader Attacks Green,” Ladysmith Daily Ledger, 15 August 1906, pp. 1 and 2
“Grand Theatre,” Western Clarion, 29 September 1906, p. 3
“Socialists Meet,” Daily Canadian (Nelson), 8 October 1906, p. 1
“Socialism Explained,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 13 October 1906, p. 1
“Proletarian Conference,” Western Clarion, 20 October 1906, p. 1
“A Provincial Organization,” Western Clarion, 27 October 1906, p. 4
“Provincial Executive Committee,” Western Clarion, 29 December 1906, p. 3
“Red Flag Waved by Socialists Last Night,” Vancouver Daily Province, 12 January 1907, pp. 2–3
“Brief Historical Review,” Western Clarion, 12 January 1907, p. 2
“A Public Meeting,” Nanaimo Daily News, 18 January 1907, p. 4
“Socialist Intentions,” Winnipeg Tribune, 30 May 1908, p. 16
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches during his 1908 cross-Canada propaganda tour on behalf of the SPC:
“How Working-Class Leaders Travel,” Clarion, 12 September 1908, p. 1
“Local Items,” The Voice (Winnipeg), 15 May 1908, p. 10
“Local News Paragraphs,” Winnipeg Tribune, 19 May 1908, p. 10
Advertisement, “Public Lecture by E. T. Kingsley,” Winnipeg Tribune, 28 May 1908, p. 6
“Coming Events,” Winnipeg Tribune, 29 May 1908, p. 10
“Socialist Intentions,” Winnipeg Tribune, 30 May 1908, p. 16
Untitled, The Voice, 29 May 1908, p. 3
“Port Arthur Election,” The Voice, 29 May 1908, p. 1
“Kingsley in Winnipeg,” The Voice, 5 June 1908, p. 1
“Cobalt,” Western Clarion, 27 June 1908, p. 3
“Ontario Note and Comment,” Western Clarion, 27 June 1908, p. 4
“On the Firing Line,” Western Clarion, 4 July 1908, pp. 1 and 4
“Coming Events,” Winnipeg Tribune, 18 July 1908, p. 16
“Coming Events,” Winnipeg Tribune, 27 July 1908, p. 8
“Local News Paragraphs,” Winnipeg Tribune, 29 July 1908, p. 8
“Socialist Meeting,” Calgary Herald, 1 August 1908, p. 10
Untitled, Edmonton Journal, 12 August 1908, p. 5
“City and District,” Lethbridge Herald, 19 August 1908, p. 4
“Socialists Will Surely Come to Power in British Columbia,” Lethbridge Herald, 25 August 1908, p. 1
Rambler, “A Bit of History,” Western Clarion, 21 August 1909, p. 3
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches on behalf of the SPC from autumn 1908 until his falling out with the party in 1914:
“Local and General,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 12 September 1908, p. 4
“Local and General,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 16 September 1908, p. 4
“Local and General,” Mail-Herald (Revelstoke), 19 September 1908, p. 4
“Denoro Doings,” Boundary Creek Times (Greenwood), 25 September 1908, p. 1
“Socialists’ Meeting,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 26 September 1908, p. 3
“If Necessary Let Them Use Clubs,” Vancouver Daily Province, 1 October 1908, p. 2.
“‘Make the Laws to Suit Ourselves,’” Vancouver Daily Province, 8 October 1909, p. 8
“Invite Candidates to Joint Meeting,” Vancouver Daily Province, 9 October 1908, p. 1
“M’Innes and Martin Fought Verbal Duel,” Vancouver Daily Province, 20 October 1908, p. 12
“Four Candidates on One Platform,” Victoria Daily Colonist, 21 October 1908, p. 14
“Joint Meeting in Vancouver,” The Voice (Winnipeg), 23 October 1908, p. 7
“Socialists Met at Opera House,” Vancouver Daily Province, 24 October 1908, p. 3
“Four Characteristic Addresses,” Western Clarion, 24 October 1908, pp. 1 and 4
“Local and General,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 11 November 1908, p. 4
“Final Rally Opera House,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 14 November 1908, p. 3
“At the Hotels,” Nanaimo Daily News, 4 January 1909, p. 3
Advertisement, Victoria Daily Colonist, 22 January 1909, p. 17
Advertisement, Victoria Daily Times, 23 January 1909, p. 2
Advertisement, Victoria Daily Colonist, 23 January 1909, p. 22
“Local News,” Victoria Daily Times, 27 February 1909, p. 5
“Mass Meeting on Saturday,” Semi-Weekly World (Vancouver), 9 April 1909, p. 10
“Mass Meeting This Evening,” Vancouver World, 10 April 1909, p. 1
“May Day Celebration,” Western Clarion, 30 April 1909, p. 2
“Labor Day Preparation,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 14 August 1909, p. 4
“Local and General,” Revelstoke Mail-Herald, 25 August 1909, p. 4
“Nelson, BC,” Western Clarion, 11 December 1909, p. 3
“Socialist Meeting,” Victoria Daily Times, 21 January 1910, p. 2
“Jottings from Vancouver Meeting,” Western Clarion, 16 April 1910, p. 3
“Here and Now,” Western Clarion, 23 April 1910, p. 3
“Kingsley Tells Slaves How Hard Is Their Lot,” Daily Canadian (Nelson), 12 September 1910, p. 1
“Socialist Speaks on ‘Ancient Lowly,’” Victoria Daily Colonist, 22 November 1910, p. 19
“Strike Begins in Vancouver Today,” Daily News (New Westminster), 5 June 1911, p. 1
“Socialist Meeting Well Attended,” Vancouver Daily Province, 7 September 1911, p. 30
“Eburne Meeting Poorly Attended,” Vancouver World, 8 September 1911, p. 10
“Crowded Meeting at Vancouver,” Nanaimo Daily News, 19 September 1911, p. 1
“Union Jack Is Torn Down and Hurled to Floor,” Vancouver Daily Province, 2 February 1912, p. 35
“Mule Story Was His Theme,” Vancouver Daily Province, 5 February 1912, p. 3
Advertisement, Western Clarion, 17 February 1912, p. 1
“To Secretaries of BC Locals,” Western Clarion, 2 March 1912, p. 1
Advertisement, Western Clarion, 16 March 1912, p. 1
“Propaganda Meeting,” Clarion, 23 March 1912, p. 1
“News and Views,” The Voice, 5 April 1912, p. 7
“Will Celebrate May Day in the Diamond City,” Federationist, 5 April 1912, p. 1
“Dominion Executive Committee,” Western Clarion, 29 June 1912, p. 3
“New Westminster Propaganda Meeting,” Western Clarion, 5 October 1912, p. 1
Untitled, Western Clarion, 12 October 1912, p. 1
“A Page for Socialists,” Federationist, 6 December 1912, p. 4
“Socialist Meeting,” Federationist, 24 January 1913, p. 4
“Public Meeting,” Nanaimo Daily News, 13 December 1913, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley Lectures,” Federationist, 27 March 1914, p. 6
“Secretarial,” Western Clarion, 23 May 1914, p. 3
“Hindu Invasion from Socialist Viewpoint,” Vancouver Daily Sun, 28 July 1914, p. 2
“On the ‘Battle of Coal Harbor,’” Federationist, 31 July 1914, p. 3
“Secretarial Notes,” Western Clarion, 29 August 1914, p. 2
“Looking Backward over Twelve Months,” Federationist, 1 January 1915, p. 3
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches during the First World War, including on behalf of Labor candidates in the 1917 Canadian parliamentary election:
“Bloated War Barons Scored,” Vancouver World, 5 June 1917, p. 16
“Conscriptionists Plan Monster Mass Meeting Next Week,” Vancouver Daily Sun, 14 June 1917, p. 4
“Labor’s Statement to the Electorate,” Federationist, 9 November 1917, p. 1
“Plenty of Pep in Labor’s Campaign,” Federationist, 9 November 1917, p. 1
“Federal Elections,” The Week (Victoria), 10 November 1917, p. 3
“Nothing Good but Reign of Socialism,” Victoria Daily Times, 12 Nov. 1917, p. 17
“Sotto Voce,” The Week (Victoria), 17 Nov. 1917, p. 4
“Rousing Meeting Held in Coal City,” Federationist, 23 November 1917, p. 5
“Campaign Activity among Victoria Workers,” Federationist, 23 November 1917, p. 1
“Dominion Hall,” Nanaimo Daily News, 23 November 1917, p. 1
“News in Brief,” Victoria Daily Times, 23 November 1917, p. 9
“Labor Federation Candidates Speak,” Victoria Daily Times, 24 November 1917, p. 13
“Federation Nominee Is Not to Withdraw,” Victoria Daily Times, 26 November 1917, p. 11
“Snapshots of the City,” Vancouver World, 28 November 1917, p. 11
“Suburban News—South Vancouver,” Vancouver Daily Sun, 29 November 1917, p. 3
“Labor Campaign in Burrard and So. Vancouver,” Federationist, 30 November 1917, p. 1
“Mass Meeting,” “Campaign Meetings,” and “Vancouver Island Activity in the Campaign,” Federationist, 7 December 1917, pp. 1, 4, and 10
“Politicians Find a Sudden Love for Labor Class,” Federationist, 7 December 1917, p. 5
“Beware of That ‘Glad-Hand Shake,’” Vancouver World, 13 December 1917, p. 14
“Closing Campaign Rally,” Federationist, 14 December 1917, p. 1
“Mass Meeting,” Federationist, 14 December 1917, p. 5
“Big Meeting Held during Week in So. Vancouver,” Federationist, 14 December 1917, p. 8
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches on behalf of the Federated Labor Party from 1918 to 1920:
“Officers of New Labor Party Get Busy,” Federationist, 8 February 1918, p. 8
“Saturday, Feb. 23, Opening Meeting of Federated Labor Party,” Federationist, 15 February 1918, p. 1
“Federated Labor Party” and “First Meeting of New Labor Party,” Federationist, 22 February 1918, p. 1
“Working Men of British Columbia Need Only to Stand Fast to Have Control of the Government,” Federationist, 1 March 1918, p. 2
“Snapshots of the City,” Vancouver World, 13 March 1918, p. 9
“Enthusiasm Shown toward New Party,” Federationist, 15 March 1918, p. 1
“Rulers Would Do Same Thing Again,” Vancouver Daily Sun, 18 March 1918, p. 2
“Kingsley at Vancouver Institute,” Federationist, 22 March 1918, p. 8
“E. T. Kingsley Will Speak Sunday Evening,” Federationist, 29 March 1918, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley Will Speak,” Vancouver Daily Sun, 11 April 1918, p. 6
“Kingsley to Speak on Collapse of Capitalism,” Federationist, 12 April 1918, p. 8
“Kingsley Is Scathing,” Vancouver World, 15 April 1918, p. 14
“Civil Employees about to Strike,” Federationist, 26 April 1918, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley to Lecture at Rex Sunday,” Federationist, 10 May 1918, p. 1
“Hawthornthwaite and Pettipiece at the Rex,” Federationist, 26 July 1918, p. 5
“Federated Labor Party,” advertisement, Vancouver World, 27 July 1918, p. 9
“‘Road to Freedom’ Discussed by Kingsley,” Federationist, 2 August 1918, p. 8
“E. T. Kingsley to Speak on Sunday,” Federationist, 11 October 1918, p. 1
“Kingsley Preaches the Gospel of Freedom,” Federationist, 18 October 1918, p. 4
“Two Labor Party Meetings Sunday,” Federationist, 22 November 1918, p. 1
“Kingsley and Society,” Vancouver World, 25 November 1918, p. 12
“Kingsley Asks the Question ‘And Now What,’” Federationist, 29 November 1918, p. 1
“Mass Meeting,” Federationist, 27 December 1918, p. 1
“Resolutions Protesting to Ottawa,” Vancouver Daily Province, 30 December 1918, p. 8
“Mass Meeting Held Last Sunday at the Empress,” Federationist, 3 January 1919, pp. 2 and 7
“Kingsley at the Rex on Sunday,” Federationist, 3 January 1919, p. 1
“Kingsley and Civilizations,” Federationist, 10 January 1919, p. 1
“Kingsley in Victoria,” Federationist, 24 January 1919, p. 8
“Speaker Who Finds World Out of Joint,” Victoria Daily Colonist, 28 January 1919, p. 5
“Hawthornthwaite Replied to in Victoria,” Federationist, 31 January 1919, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley at the Broadway,” Federationist, 31 January 1919, p. 1
“The Dominion Hall Instead of Rex Theatre,” Federationist, 7 February 1919, p. 8
“Labor Party at Theatre Royal,” Federationist, 14 February 1919, p. 1
“Dr. W.J. Curry at Theatre Royal,” Federationist, 21 February 1919, p. 1
“Federated Labor Party,” Labor Statesman, 27 February 1919, p. 7
“R.P. Pettipiece at the Royal,” Federationist, 28 February 1919, p. 1
Untitled, Nanaimo Daily News, 28 February 1919, p. 4
“E. T. Kingsley Speaks on Bolshevik Regime,” Nanaimo Daily News, 3 March 1919, p. 1
“Kingsley Speaks on Sunday Next,” Federationist, 7 March 1919, p. 1
“The Paris Commune and the Bolsheviki,” Federationist, 15 March 1919, p. 8
“Federated Labor Party—Theatre Royal,” advertisement, Victoria Daily Province, 29 March 1919, p. 16
“Kingsley on the O.B.U.,” Federationist, 4 April 1919, p. 1
“The State,” Semi-Weekly Tribune (Victoria), 7 April 1919, p. 4
“Kingsley Speaks at Royal Sunday,” Federationist, 18 April 1919, p. 1
“Federated Labor Party—Theatre Royal,” advertisement, Victoria Daily Province, 19 April 1919, p. 22
“Kingsley on Class Struggle,” Federationist, 25 April 1919, p. 3
“Labor Party at Columbia,” Federationist, 25 April 1919, p. 1
“May Day in Fernie,” advertisement, Fernie District Ledger, 26 April 1919, p. 3
“Chas. Lestor at Columbia,” Federationist, 2 May 1919, p. 1
“Federated Labor Party,” Semi-Weekly Tribune (Victoria), 8 May 1919, p. 1
“Unprofitable to Operate Plants” and “A.S. Wells at the Columbia,” Federationist, 9 May 1919, p. 1
“A Socialist Address,” Victoria Daily Times, 9 May 1919, p. 7
“Dr. W.J. Curry at Columbia,” Federationist, 16 May 1919, p. 1
“Kingsley Speaks at the Columbia,” Federationist, 30 May 1919, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley Points Moral of Russia,” Nanaimo Daily News, 3 June 1919, p. 4
“Kingsley on Capitalism,” Federationist, 6 June 1919, p. 8
“Passing Events,” Summerland Review, 6 June 1919, p. 5
“Dr. W.J. Curry at the Columbia,” Federationist, 20 June 1919, p. 1
“Charles Lestor at the Columbia,” Federationist, 27 June 1919, p. 1
“Kingsley Speaks Next Sunday,” Federationist, 11 July 1919, p. 1
“Federated Labor Party,” advertisement, Vancouver Daily Province, 12 July 1919, p. 14
“Kingsley Makes Good Points,” Federationist, 18 July 1919, p. 2
“Two Speakers at S.P. Meeting,” Federationist, 15 August 1919, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley at the Columbia,” Federationist, 29 August 1919, p. 1
“Federated Labor Party,” advertisement, Vancouver Daily Province, 30 August 1919, p. 14
“E. T. Kingsley on the Machines of Slavery,” Federationist, 5 September 1919, p. 2
“E. T. Kingsley at the National,” Federationist, 21 November 1919, p. 1
“It Is Beyond Redemption,” Federationist, 28 November 1919, p. 3
“E. T. Kingsley at the Royal,” Federationist, 30 January 1920, p. 1
“Staggers Reds Says Kingsley,” Federationist, 6 February 1920, p. 2
“Kingsley on the Paris Commune,” Federationist, 19 March 1920, p. 1
“Kingsley on the Commune,” Federationist, 26 March 1920, p. 4
“E. T. Kingsley to Speak at Royal,” Federationist, 23 April 1920, p. 1
“Collapse Now Threatened,” Federationist, 30 April 1920, p. 7
“Federated Labor Party—Advertisement,” Federationist, 22 October 1920, p. 1
“E. T. Kingsley to Speak on Sunday,” Federationist, 22 October 1920, p. 1
“Sam Guthrie at the Columbia,” Federationist, 31 December 1920, pp. 1 and 8
“Kingsley to Speak for F.L.P.,” Federationist, 27 May 1921, p. 1
“T.A. Barnard to Speak Sunday,” Federationist, 3 June 1921, p. 1
A selection of Kingsley’s speeches during a tour in the Okanagan Valley, the Kootenays, the Crowsnest Pass, and Alberta on behalf of the Federated Labor Party in the spring of 1919:
“Labor Party at Columbia,” Federationist, 25 April 1919, p. 1
“Banquet Given to Fernie Returned Men,” Calgary Herald, 2 May 1919, p. 11
“Chas. Lestor at Columbia,” Federationist, 2 May 1919, p. 1
“Unprofitable to Operate Plants” and “A.S. Wells at the Columbia,” Federationist, 9 May 1919, p. 1
“Dr. W.J. Curry at Columbia,” Federationist, 16 May 1919, p. 1
“Kingsley Speaks at the Columbia,” Federationist, 30 May 1919, p. 1
“Passing Events,” Summerland Review, 6 June 1919, p. 5
“Dr. W.J. Curry at the Columbia,” Federationist, 20 June 1919, p. 1
“Charles Lestor at the Columbia,” Federationist, 27 June 1919, p. 1
Kingsley’s speeches in the mid-1920s:
Untitled, Nanaimo Daily News, 28 Mar. 1925, p. 4
“Labor College to Be Formed at Log Cabin,” Summerland Review, 14 August 1925, p. 8
“E. T. Kingsley—Independent Labor Candidate,” advertisement, Vancouver Daily Province, 9 September 1926, p. 11
—See also J. Castell Hopkins, Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1908 (Toronto: Annual Review Publishing Co., 1909), pp. 100, 316; J. Castell Hopkins, Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1919 (Toronto: Annual Review Publishing Co., 1920), p. 456; Eric John Damer, “Town and Gown: The Early History of the Vancouver Institute” (MA thesis, University of British Columbia, 1995), p. 134; David C. Jones, Feasting on Misfortune: Journeys of the Human Spirit in Alberta’s Past (Edmonton: University of Alberta, 1999), pp. 152–53; Mark Leier, “Solidarity on Occasion: The Vancouver Free Speech Fights of 1909 and 1912,” Labour/Le Travail 23 (Spring 1989), p. 44; Ian McKay, Reasoning Otherwise: Leftists and the People’s Enlightenment in Canada, 1890–1920 (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2008), p. 185; Samuel Eldon Charles Wager, “Theosophical Socialists in the 1920s Okanagan: Jack Logie’s Social Issues Summer Camps” (MA thesis, Simon Fraser University, 2005), pp. 23, 39.
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