“Index” in “The Art of Communication in a Polarized World”
Index
academic book conventions, xii–xiii, 117
Adorno, Theodor, 8–9
Alternative für Deutschland (German political party), 47
anthropology, 4. See also cultural translation
aphorisms, 63–64
Appiah, Kwame Anthony, 131
Arbuckle, Fatty, 17–18
On the Art of Poetry, 79
Rhetoric, 41, 71, 76–80, 86n25, 91, 121, 130–31
Topics, 79. See also invention
Astore, William, 18
axioms, 14–16, 26, 29, 34–40, 123–26. See also theory
Bakhtin, Mikhail, 34–35
Bassnett, Susan, 12
bitumen oil, 73
Black Mirror (television program), 59n18, 130n2. See also solipsism
bots, 104
Bourdieu, Pierre, 10
Buden, Boris, 42–43
Burden, Chris, 82
Caen (France), 118
California, 108
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, 99
China, 50
Cicero, 79
climate change, 72–75, 92, 121
CNN (Cable News Network), 106
Colbert Report, The (television program), 102
Comedy Central (cable network), 94, 102
communication studies, xii–xiii, 7, 11–12, 46, 129–30. See also cultural studies; theory
critique (as pedagogical tool), 13–16, 85, 117, 120–23, 126, 128
Cruz, Ted, 106
Culler, Jonathan, 15
cultural studies, xiii, 8, 10–12, 22, 26, 28, 45. See also communication studies
cultural translation, xii, 4–6, 21–23, 120–21
dystopian views of, 48, 69–71, 92, 116, 125–26
and ethics, 126–28
history of term, 4–5
and pedagogy, 8, 17–18, 117, 120
and tactical thinking, 71, 80, 85, 93
utopian views of, 42, 47–48, 69–71, 92, 116, 125–26. See also invention; jumping in (epistemological stance); Maitland, Sarah; misreading; parallax view; solipsism
culture industry, 8–9
Daily Show, The (television program), 102
deductive reasoning, 45. See also enthymemes; inductive reasoning; syllogisms
El Salvador, 108
“Encoding/Decoding” (essay), xiv, 10, 22, 25–27, 30–32, 116
enthymemes, 78–79. See also examples; syllogisms
epistemology, 15, 23, 59, 72, 117–22
ethics, 6, 23, 42, 46, 120, 126–27
ethos, 77–78. See also invention; rhetoric
examples: in Aristotle, 78–79. See also enthymemes; syllogisms
fake news, 10, 23, 37n15, 93–116, 127
after 2016 election, 99, 102–3, 105
and “animals” controversy, 107–14
and “enemy of the people”, 116
and “Fake News Awards”, 103
and gaslighting, 106–7
historical examples, 99–102
and television programs, 94
and social media, 104. See also Colbert Report, The (television program); Daily Show, The (television program); Twitter
Fort McMurray (Alberta), 73
frames. See interpretive frames
Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (Austrian political party), 47
Goffman, Erving, 82, 84. See also interpretive frames
Google, 101–3
and Doing Cultural Studies (book), xiii
and Representation (book), xiii. See also “Encoding/Decoding” (essay)
heretical thought, 48, 62. See also Newspeak
history, 57, 63, 84, 96–98, 128, 131
and doublethink in Nineteen Eighty-Four, 66–69
of fake news, 99–105
as frame, 110–14
as palimpsest, 61–62
Honduras, 108
Horkheimer, Max, 8–9
humanities, 15–16, 124, 131. See also social sciences
indexicals, 7
India, 50
inductive reasoning, 23, 45, 78, 120–21. See also deductive reasoning; examples; jumping in (epistemological stance)
Internet Research Agency, 100
and expansion of meaning, 37n15, 38, 40, 43, 84
and Nineteen Eighty-Four, 57, 59, 65. See also Peirce, Charles; semiotics
interpretive frames, 73–92, 94, 106, 109–14. See also Peirce, Charles; semiotics
interpretive horizon, 17–18, 39. See also symbolic order
invention, 27, 41, 45–46, 75–80
and Petr Pavlenskii, 85
and translation, 71, 80, 91–92. See also Aristotle; rhetoric
inverted pyramid, 98
Iraq, 20
jokes. See humour
Jonientz, Joel, 19–20
journalism, 84n22, 94–95, 102, 105
and fake news, 99–100, 106–8, 113–16
jumping in (epistemological stance), xv, 23, 117–27, 131
and hunger, 118
legal system, 76, 83, 86–91, 98
logos, 77–78, 86n25. See also enthymeme; examples
Maitland, Sarah, 4n2, 6, 21n25. See also cultural translation
Marx, Karl, xv, 25, 30, 34. See also Grundrisse (book); materialism
materialism, 27, 29–34, 36, 38. See also Grundrisse (book); Marx, Karl
Matrix, The (film), 59–60
Mattelart, Armand, 129
meaning, 4–6, 20, 29–32, 34, 40, 84
contested, 4, 32, 40–45, 105, 120
and jokes, 74–75
in Nineteen Eighty-Four, 52, 54–56, 65–66, 69
and power, 128. See also cultural translation; interpretants; polysemy; semantics; semiotics
Mercieca, Jennifer, 107
metacognition, xii
metatheory, xii, 23, 121, 125–26
method (in social sciences), 15, 131n3
Mexico, 109
misreading, 6–7, 21–22, 49, 120. See also cultural translation; parallax view
Morley, David, xiv
Moscow (Russia), 80–81
National Public Radio, 99
affixes in, 55
contradictions of, 62–64
and destruction of words, 54
and duckspeak, 57
and Ingsoc, 53
vocabularies of, 53–54. See also Nineteen Eighty-Four; Orwell, George; solipsism
New York Times, 9, 74, 94, 99, 106, 109–16
n-gram, 101
Nineteen Eighty-Four (novel), 22, 47–72, 93–94, 115–16, 127
the Brotherhood, 50, 61, 64n21
doublethink, 49, 51–54, 63–64, 67
Inner Party, 50
interpretations of, 51–52, 71n1, 94
Julia (character), 50, 65, 67–68
Ministry of Peace, 50
Ministry of Plenty, 50
O’Brien (character), 50–51, 57–60, 64, 66–69, 93
Oceania (place), 49–50, 53, 58, 60–61, 64
Outer Party, 50
the Party, 49–50, 53, 57–58, 60–69, 127
“We are the dead”, 68
and Winston Smith (character), 49–50, 54, 57–60, 64–69, 71, 93. See also Newspeak; Orwell, George; solipsism
nonverbal signs, 63–66
Nowotny, Stefan, 42–43
objectivity, 94–99
and news, 96–98, 100, 103, 105–6
and philosophy, 96, 98. See also fake news; subjectivity
Open University, xiii
Orwell, George, 22, 48–49, 51–52, 56, 62, 94, 121
Animal Farm (book), 49
“Politics and the English Language” (essay), 49, 52. See also Newspeak; Nineteen Eighty-Four
Pakistan, 50
paralipsis, 107
parallax view, 7, 17–21, 122, 125
of “Encoding/Decoding”, 26, 45
of Nineteen Eighty-Four, 48, 52
strategies for inducing, 71, 80, 94. See also misreading
pathos, 77–78
Pavlenskii, Petr, 75–76, 80, 91–92, 94, 116, 121, 128
and art critics, 82–83
and “Freedom” (Свобода) 81, 88–91
and legal frame, 83, 87, 89–91
and symbolic frame, 89–91.
Peirce, Charles, 32–34, 45, 83–84, 106. See also interpretants; semiotics
performative arguments, 23, 26, 45, 121, 147
Peters, John Durham, 15, 126, 129
phenomenology, xiv n5, 96n4, 123n4
philosophy of education, xiv–xv, 129–32
philosophy of language, 32, 34, 52–53
Politifact, 106
polarization, 3, 7, 72, 98, 105
polysemy, 104. See also Ricoeur, Paul
positivism, 15
postcolonialism, 5. See also cultural translation
power: in Nineteen Eighty-Four, 48–50, 64, 66, 70
practice. See technē
president of the United States, 23, 42, 44, 94, 102, 105
and “animals” controversy, 107–14
Pussy Riot (band), 80, 82, 87, 121
p-values, 15
Qiu, Linda, 110
Rassemblement national (French political party), 47
rhetoric. See Aristotle; Cicero; enthymeme; ethos; examples; invention; logos; pathos
Rocha, Samuel. See phenomenology
rotary press, 97
Said, Edward, 4
Sandler, Adam, 9
Sapir, Edward, 56–57. See also Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis: strong form, 57
weak form, 63
Saussure, Ferdinand de, xi n1, 33n12
Scott, A.O., 9
Scranton, Roy, 20
semiotics, 5, 26–40, 46, 66, 93
and “firsts”, “seconds”, and “thirds”, 83. See also interpretants; Peirce, Charles
sender-message-receiver model of communication, 22, 26–30, 32
Shannon, Claude, 28–30, 32, 121. See also sender-message-receiver model of communication
about climate change, 73–74, 92
Skywalker, Luke (fictional character), 18, 38
social media, 99, 103–4. See also Twitter
social sciences, 15–16, 121, 124, 131. See also humanities
solipsism, 57–62
weak form, 71–72. See also Newspeak; Nineteen Eighty-Four
Solo, Han (fictional character), 18
South America, 50
St. Étienne (France), 118–19
St. Petersburg (Russia), 80–81, 87–88, 100
Star Wars (film franchise), 18, 20–21, 38, 127
Steiner, George, 39–40
Stephens, Bret, 114
Stewart, Jon, 102
style, 8–9
subjectivity, 33–34, 36, 38, 82, 96. See also objectivity
Swift, Jonathan, 51
syllogisms, 39, 79, 85–88, 90–91, 106, 109–11. See also enthymemes; Peirce, Charles
symbolic order, 72. See also interpretive horizon
telegraphy, 97
telephony, 26–28
television, 22, 30–34, 40, 117, 131
theory: axioms of, 14–16, 123–26
within communication studies, xii, 7, 15, 22–23, 26, 28, 117, 124–26
and pedagogy, xii–xiv, 13–14, 17
within translation studies, 26, 45–46, 120
trippiness of, 125. See also “Encoding/Decoding” (essay); humanities; jumping in (epistemological stance); metatheory; sender-message-receiver model of communication; technē
translation. See axioms
translation studies, xiii, 7–8, 11–12, 42, 53
UK Independence Party (British political party), 47
United States, 23, 42–43, 98, 102, 115; 2016 presidential election, 94, 102, 105
Declaration of Independence, 62
Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 108–9
Veterans of Foreign Affairs, 106
Viennese Actionists, 82
Weaver, Warren, 28–30, 32, 121. See also sender-message-receiver model of communication
Whorf, Benjamin Lee, 56–57. See also Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Writing Culture (book), 4
Yasman, Pavel, 88–92
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