Index

abattoir, 74–5
agriculture, 14, 17, 19, 36, 58, 60, 63–4, 78, 98, 100, 103, 111, 116, 131, 136, 138, 140, 142–3, 145, 147, 150, 156, 158
Allard, Charles, 4–5, 56, 156
Alloway, Charles, 4, 55, 77, 156
American Bison Society, 27, 39, 49, 152
Animal Diseases Research Institute, 115
animal populations, 17, 35, 87–8, 94, 96, 98–9, 101, 107, 114–5
antelope, 54, 88–90, 92
Archibald, E. S., 104, 138, 140–1, 147, 158–61

Banff, 39, 41, 89, 90, 136
- herd, 38, 103
- Hot Springs, 31
- National Park, 31, 34, 38
Bannerman, Joseph, 11, 24
Battle River, 12, 16–7, 19, 21, 24, 26, 99, 100, 113
- Valley, 98–9
Bedson, Colonel Samuel, 132–3, 156
beef, 67–8, 131–2, 135, 138, 146
- qualities, 132, 135, 146
bison,
- blood, 132, 135
- bull, 103, 132, 135, 137, 142
- calves, captured, 4, 55, 131–2
- concentrations, 16
- fighting, 145
- herd, 4, 5, 19, 39, 42–3, 53, 58, 62, 64, 68, 75, 87, 92, 101, 104–8, 112, 117, 123, 131, 136, 143–5, 155, 169–70
- meat, 67, 73
- migration, 21
- natural conditions, 17, 42, 55, 167
- population, 2, 67, 76, 92
- preservation effort, 39, 42–4, 58, 92, 107, 140, 143, 149, 155, 169–70
- products, 65, 67, 71, 82, 149
- robes, 4, 69
- shipping, 56, 71, 73, 75, 99, 149, 155
black-tail deer, 54
Blackfoot, 16–7
Blazier, C. J., 88–9
Bobcaygeon, 133, 156, 158
Boyd, Mossom, 133, 135, 138, 157–8
branding, 60, 70–1
breeding, 62, 64, 68, 138, 140, 147, 159, 169
buffalo,
- herd, 38, 44, 49, 62, 69, 74, 78, 109, 169
- meat trade, 65
Buffalo National Park, 1, 2, 5, 9–12, 14–20, 22–4, 26–8, 30–2, 34, 36–8, 40–4, 46–8, 50–4, 56, 58–62, 64–6, 68, 70, 72, 74–6, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86–96, 98, 100–4, 106–8, 110, 112–22, 124, 126, 128–34, 136, 138–40, 142–4, 146, 148–50, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166–71
Buffalo Park Reserve, 1, 31, 36–8, 42, 101

Calgary, 24, 27
calves, 55, 68–9, 79, 94, 107–8, 131, 142
Cameron, A. E., 100, 105, 123, 127, 161
Canadian,
- Abattoirs, 101–2
- Government, 1, 11, 13, 17, 39, 40, 42, 48–9, 170
- Pacific Railway, 32
- Plains, 12, 37–8
- West, 11, 14, 37–8
- Wildlife Service, 154–5, 162
captivity, 55, 89, 90, 105, 119
carcasses, 68
caribou, 54
cattalo, 89, 132, 135, 140, 144–5, 147, 156–60
- Boyd’s, 138, 140
- enclosure, 144–7
- experiment, 43, 60, 131, 136–8, 140–1, 143–5, 149–50, 153, 155, 168
- herd, 134, 143–4, 146–7, 160
cattle, 53, 55, 60–1, 101–3, 131, 138, 143–4, 146, 157
Clark, S. H., 17, 98–9, 121
Clarke, S. E., 78, 80, 90, 111–3, 119, 125–6
conservation, 2, 6, 34, 36, 39, 45–7, 49, 62, 80, 119–20, 154, 170
Conservation Movement, 31–3, 35, 45
Cory, William Wallace, 19, 27, 38–9, 42, 47–9, 77–82, 104, 122–4, 149–50, 156–7, 161
Cotton, Bud, 60, 78, 109, 118–9, 125, 160
cows, 2, 61–4, 69, 79, 103, 108, 132, 137, 142, 146, 153–4, 160
coyotes, 56, 90–2, 94–6, 120
Cree, 13, 17
crossbreeding, 55, 63–4, 77, 129, 131–3, 136, 138, 149
cull, 62, 75, 100–1, 115–6, 170–1

Davison, Davey, 89, 119, 125, 160
Dawes Act, 4, 38
deer, 87, 98–100, 109, 112, 114–6, 118, 120, 167
Department,
- of Agriculture, 60, 63–4, 78, 98, 100, 103, 111, 116, 131, 136, 138, 140, 142–3, 145, 147, 150, 156–9
- of National Defence, 75, 168
destruction, 1, 3, 6, 35–6, 169
disease, 42, 68, 85, 87–8, 90, 92, 101, 103–5, 107, 111, 113, 115–6, 123, 129, 131–2, 143–7, 149–55, 170
disease-free, 116, 149, 170
domestic,
- cattle, 4, 73, 131–2, 135, 139, 142–4, 156–7, 159
- herds, 55, 132
domestication, 51, 54–5, 62–3, 77, 133
Dominion Land Surveyor, 11, 13–4, 25
Douglas, Howard, 19, 27, 36, 38–40, 42, 48–9, 55–6, 58, 60, 62, 77–9, 88, 90, 116, 118, 124, 135, 157
drought, 4–5, 109, 116
Dupree, Frederick, 55

ear tag, 56
ecology, 26, 45, 162
Edmonton, 24–5, 37, 40, 73, 100, 122
elk, 37, 54, 87–9, 96, 99, 100, 109–10, 112, 114–6, 118, 121, 167
Elk Island National Park, 6, 19, 21, 36–7, 40–2, 47, 49, 62, 76, 78, 101, 103, 122, 127, 168, 170
enclosures, 55, 61, 79, 89, 90, 140, 143–5, 147, 150, 159
Environmental Panel on Northern Diseased Bison, 170
exploitation, 31, 33, 38
extinction, 2, 4, 35, 37–8, 54–6, 67, 76, 90

farmers, 27, 63–4
federal funding, 5, 170–1
feeding, 107–8, 140–1
fertile,
- belt, 12–3, 24
- males & females, 142
fertility, soil, 13–4, 61
Flathead,
- Lake, 55
- Valley, 5, 19, 38, 40, 53
forage, 100–1, 107, 111

Goodnight, Charles, 5, 132
Graham, Maxwell, 43, 50, 60–2, 64–5, 68–9, 71, 78–82, 94, 101, 104, 118–20, 122–4, 138, 141–4, 146, 149–52, 157–62
grasses, 12, 14, 19, 21, 61, 101, 109, 111–3, 116
grazing, 11, 19, 21, 111–4, 159
Great Plains, 2, 4, 21, 27

habitat, 69, 149–50, 155, 162
Hadwen, Seymour, 98, 100–1, 103–5, 107, 115–6, 120, 122–4, 127, 146, 160
Harkin, J. B., 24, 27, 34, 43–4, 47, 49, 50, 58, 63–9, 71, 73–4, 76, 78–83, 87–8, 90, 93, 96–102, 104–5, 107–8, 118–27, 135–6, 138, 140–1, 144–7, 150, 156–61
hay, 55, 61, 73, 103, 106–9, 124
Hewitt, Gordon, 43, 47, 49, 80, 119–20, 143, 145
Hind, Henry Youle, 11, 24
Hornaday, William, 2, 6, 77, 163
Hudson’s Bay Company, 3, 133
hybrid, 55–6, 63–4, 77, 131–3, 135–9, 145–6, 149, 155–6, 160, 170

Idaho, 2, 171
Indian Affairs, 120
infection, 103, 107, 115, 144, 150–1, 154
infertility, reproductive, 141–2, 159
interbreeding, 71, 152, 154

Jasper, 67, 92, 94
Jocko Valley, 55

Kaibab,
- Forest Reserve, 115
- Investigation Committee, 115
- North Deer Herd, 127
Kalispell, 7, 40

Lamont, 19
liver fluke, 101, 115–6
Lloyd, Hoyes, 58, 74, 80, 113, 115, 118, 121, 125–7, 153
London, 142, 152

MacEachern, Alan, 4, 6, 7, 58
Macoun, John, 13, 25
Manitoba, 3, 25, 55, 120, 132–3
Marsh, George Perkins, 32
McKay, James, 4, 55, 77, 133, 156
Montana, 4, 7, 38–42, 55–6, 61, 103, 145, 171
Montreal, 33
moose, 54, 87–9, 118, 167
Mott Lake, 37, 89, 115
mountain,
- goat, 54
- sheep, 54, 88
mountains, 13, 31–2, 36–7, 42–4, 55, 90, 92, 169
mule deer, 88, 98–9, 114
muskox, 54

national park, 4, 19, 21–2, 26, 31–3, 43, 45–6, 59, 61, 64, 87–8, 92, 94, 98, 107, 118, 131, 133, 143, 149–50, 152, 163, 167, 169
- policy, 96
- system, 31, 34, 58, 94, 101, 152, 159
natural resources, 2, 32–4, 36, 46
naturalists, 13, 17, 149, 152, 154–5
Neutral Hills, 11, 17–8, 21, 23, 26
over-grazing, 109, 111–3, 167
over-populated, 4, 53, 65, 75, 87, 92, 100, 103–4, 107, 113, 116–7, 149

Pablo,
- bison, 2, 19, 22, 31, 38–40, 42–4, 48, 53, 56, 103, 145, 169
- Michel, 4–5, 19, 38–40, 48, 55–6, 58, 132, 156
Palliser, John, 11–4, 16–7, 24–6
parasite, 101, 105, 115–6, 123
Parks Canada, 124, 126–7, 163, 170
Pinchot, Gifford, 33
plains bison, 1–4, 16–7, 21, 35–9, 54–5, 71, 131, 145–6, 149, 152–3, 155, 162, 164
- herd, 53, 148, 155
- north, 131, 149, 152, 155
prairies, 12–3, 23–4, 26, 37, 63, 162
predators, 23, 94, 96, 115 see also coyotes
preservation, 2, 32, 34–5, 43, 47, 54, 67, 155, 167
pronghorn, see antelope
protection, 34–6, 42, 61, 114–5

Quebec, 32–3, 46, 60

ranchers, 56, 63–4, 69
range cattle, 56, 58, 133
reindeer, 54, 77
relief, 73
- camps, 75
- Inuit, 75
- Native, 120
reserve, animal, 17, 21, 31, 33, 36, 40, 42, 87, 94
Ribstone Creek, 14, 16, 20, 25, 27
Rocky Mountains Park, 31, 34–6, 40, 54–5, 87–90, 92, 101, 103, 119, 133, 135, 139, 142
- Act, 31, 34–5, 45
Roosevelt, Theodore, 35

Saskatchewan, 13, 24–5, 88, 118, 120, 138, 145, 159
Second World War, 168
Sharp, Ray, 57, 72, 82, 119, 160, 164
Sifton, Clifford, 34, 37, 46
slaughter, 67–9, 71, 73–5, 82, 94, 96, 98, 100–1, 103–4, 115, 120, 135, 149–50, 153
Smith, A. G., 27, 41, 56, 68, 73, 81–2, 96–7, 100, 104, 108–9, 114, 119–22, 124–5, 127, 140–1, 143, 147, 150, 154, 156, 158–61, 163, 167
southern herds, 4, 54, 148, 152, 162
St. Ignatius (Montana), 4
Swales, W. E., 115–6, 127

Torrance, Frederick, 78–9, 101–5, 107, 122–4, 150–1
tourists, 36, 87–9, 92, 116
tuberculosis, 5, 58, 87, 101–5, 115–7, 122–3, 143–4, 146–7, 149–51, 153–5, 167, 170

vegetation, 16–7, 19, 21, 111

wildlife management, 2, 169–71
wood bison, 2, 34, 46, 54, 69, 71, 149–55, 162, 170
Wood Buffalo National Park, 46, 70–1, 74, 107–9, 149–51, 155, 162, 164, 170

yak, 89, 109, 115, 139, 142–3, 156, 159
Yellowstone National Park, 34–5

zoo, 87–8

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