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Social Democracy After the Cold War: Index

Social Democracy After the Cold War
Index
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“Index” in “Social Democracy After the Cold War”

Index

Abbott, Tony, 201, 202

Afghanistan war, 228, 272

AFL-CIO: and civil rights, 119, 122

and Clinton Administration, 129

link to Democratic Party, 117–18, 124

and McGovern campaign, 125

in 1970s-80s, 125–26

and Obama Administration, 144

ALP. See Australian Labor Party (ALP)

Anderson, Perry, 47

Anti-Poll Tax Federation, 167

anti-tax revolt, 33, 167

anti-terrorism laws, 228

anti-war movement, 123, 218, 231, 237, 256, 257, 272

Archer, Keith, 62, 63

Asbrink, Erik, 212

Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN), 133

Attac (Sweden), 218, 232

Australian Building and Construction Commission, 199–201

Australian Labor Party (ALP): and Australian Building and Construction Commission, 199–201

history of relations with unions, 8, 184–87, 194, 203–4

and neoliberalism, 3, 186, 199–201, 203–4

in opposition, 186–87

passes Fair Work Act, 195–99

response to WorkChoices, 189–93

success of, 3, 184

and Transition Bill, 194–95

and 2010 election, 8, 201–2

balanced budgets: in BC, 85, 86, 88

in Britain, 171

in Manitoba, 81

in Nova Scotia, 90–91

in Sweden, 222

in US, 128

Balls, Ed, 176–77, 178

Barrett government (British Columbia), 83–84

Beazley, Kim, 189

Benn, Tony, 162, 163, 165, 166

Berman, Sheri, 18, 21

Bernstein, Eduard, 21

Bickerton, Jim, 89

Bildt, Carl, 221, 229

Bisky, Lothar, 260

Blair, Tony: and re-shaping Labour, 3, 30, 39, 167–70, 171

and Third Way, 39, 222, 255

Blakeney government (Saskatchewan), 72–74

Bloc Québécois (BQ), 96–97, 271, 273

Bodström, Thomas, 231

Bouchard, Lucien, 281–82

Boulerice, Alexandre, 276–77

Boyd, Brian, 197

Brandt, Willy, 242–243

British Columbia, 82–88

Broadbent, Ed, 61, 91–92

Browder, Earl, 113

Brown, Gordon, 168, 171

Bush, George W., 39, 41, 257

business community: ALP’s relations with, 191–92, 203

in BC, 82–83

and Fair Work Act (Aus), 197, 198–99

and German unions, 250, 256. See also capital/capitalism

California Proposition 14, 130

Callaghan government (United Kingdom), 161

Calvert government (Saskatchewan), 76–77

Campaign for Labour Party Democracy (CLPD), 162–64

Canadian Labour Congress (CLC), 6, 53

capital/capitalism: accord with labour, 25

CCF/NDP accommodation with, 47–48, 50, 51–53

in German politics, 246, 257

and globalization, 27–30

Labour Party’s accommodation with, 150, 156–57, 159, 161–62, 177–78

and Québec Solidaire, 279

social democracy’s dependence on, 76–77, 146–47

and Swedish Social Democrats program, 224–25

and US social democrats, 105–8, 127

varieties of, 28

Carlsson government (Sweden), 227, 229

Carter Administration (United States), 124, 128

Chartrand, Michel, 283, 285

Chifley government (Australia), 185

Chirac, Jacques, 39

Chorney, Harold, 82

Christian Democratic Union (CDU) (Germany): defeat of, 253

and German unity, 235, 241, 244, 245

as government, 236–37, 245–46, 247, 248–49, 250

2005 election victory, 258

working-class base of, 261, 266

civil rights movement (United States), 119–23

civil society groups, 20, 209. See also social movements

Clark government (British Columbia), 84, 86–87

class struggle, 63–64, 82, 87, 157–58

Clegg, Nick, 180

Clinton, Bill: as Democratic candidate, 125

supported by social democrats, 128–29

and Third Way, 31, 36, 37–38, 39, 253–54

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), 50–53, 54, 82. See also New Democratic Party (NDP)

Coalition for Jobs (Germany), 250

Cold War: and criticism of capitalism, 51

effect on US politics, 114–18

in Germany, 235, 241

and labour-capital accord, 25

in Sweden, 216, 226

communism, 21, 214, 216–18, 219

Communist Party (Canada), 283

Communist Party (Germany), 260

Communist Party (Sweden), 216, 224

Communist Party (United States), 107, 113, 118

Communitarianism, 18–19, 27

competitiveness: in BC, 86, 88

as core NDP policy, 93

in Germany, 254

in Ontario, 67–68

theory of, 43

in US, 107, 116

Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 107, 115–17. See also AFL–CIO

Conservative-Liberal coalition (Germany), 266

Conservative Party (Canada), 275

Conservative Party (Sweden), 221, 229

Conservative Party (United Kingdom), 171. See also Thatcher government (United Kingdom)

Contract for the American Dream, 145

corporatism, 17, 20, 28–29, 37, 67–68, 254

Cross, Michael, 47

Dahrendorf, Ralf, 19

Darling, Alistair, 175

Davis, Mike, 103–4, 113–14, 118

Debs, Eugene V., 109

Democratic Party (United States): and civil rights movement, 121–22

end of social activism in, 124–25

as home for social democrats, 106, 112, 118, 119, 126

link to organized labour, 117–18

and post-war politics, 114–15

and recent austerity offensive, 137–38, 141

social democrats view of, 101, 102

ties to social democracy, 130–31, 133, 135–36

why social democracy must cut ties with, 146–47

Democratic Socialists (Germany), 260

Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), 126, 129, 134–36

Dexter government (Nova Scotia), 89–92, 93

Dobbs, Farrell, 110

Doer government (Manitoba), 77, 79–82

Dosanjh government (British Columbia), 85, 87–88

Drouilly, Pierre, 274

Duceppe, Gilles, 286–87

Duverger, Maurice, 184

economic crises: dotcom, 237, 256–57

of 1970s, 161–62, 219–20

of 1990s, 215, 217

economic crisis of 2008: and advance of neoliberalism, 4, 14, 95, 265–66

in Australia, 196, 197

in Germany, 239, 264–66

in Sweden, 232

in UK, 171

economic growth: key factor in social democracy success, 5, 10, 16, 40, 42–43

and new economy, 17

technocratic outlook on, 19–20

economic inequality, 32–34

economism, 17, 27, 42

egalitarianism, 64, 211–13

The Electoral Alternative Work and Social Justice (WASG) (Germany), 239, 253, 259

electoral reform, 155–56, 178–80, 181

Elliot, Larry, 4

environmental movement, 231

Erickson, Lynda, 64

Erlander, Tage, 216

European Union (EU): and fiscal policy in Germany, 246, 247, 257

as issue in Swedish politics, 215, 221, 222, 227, 229, 231

and Romano Prodi, 255

and social model, 38

Fabian Society, 153

Fair Work Act (Australia), 195–99

Feldt, Kjell-Olof, 212, 220

Feminist Initiative (Sweden), 231

Fielding, Stephen, 195, 197, 201

Fletcher Jr., Bill, 135

Foot, Michael, 165

Fordist-Keynesian framework, 57, 66

Fraser, Doug, 125

Free Democratic Party (Germany), 245, 258, 266

free trade, 37–38, 41, 128, 129

Gamble, Andrew, 46

Giddens, Anthony, 30

Gillard, Julia, 190, 192, 196, 200, 201, 202

Gingrich, Newt, 128

globalization: in Australian politics, 186–87

and competitiveness, 43

and corporatism, 20

debate on, 27–30

effect on social democracy, 16

in German politics, 249, 253–54

movement against, 232, 277

Gonick, Cy, 79, 81

Greater London Council, 167

Green Party: in Australia, 202

in British Columbia, 85

in Germany, 237, 241, 250, 254, 255, 260–61, 267

in Sweden, 217–18, 233

in US, 133

Greider, William, 142

Guay, Jean-Harman, 274

Habermas, Jürgen, 18, 19

Haiven, Larry, 90

Hampton, Howard, 70

Hansen, Phillip, 82

Harcourt government (British Columbia), 84, 85–86

Harrington, Michael, 1–2, 118, 121, 126–27

Hawke government (Australia), 186

Healey, Dennis, 165

Hobsbawm, Eric, 13

Howard government (Australia), 188

Howe, Irving, 118, 121, 123

Howell, Chris, 55

immigration, 104

individual responsibility, 178

individualization, 26

industrial relations, 187–93, 194–99. See also unions

inflation, 32, 71–72, 168, 220, 221

Iraq war, 228, 231, 237, 246, 257

Isaby, Jonathan, 179

Jackson, Jesse, 125, 128

Johnson, Alan, 174–75, 176

Johnson Administration (United States), 120, 121–22, 123

Jospin, Lionel, 30, 37, 39, 255

Juholt, Hakan, 234

Keating government (Australia), 186

Kennedy, Edward, 125

Kennedy Administration (United States), 121

Keynesian welfare state: abandoned by social democracy, 1, 20, 22, 23, 25

accepted by CCF/NDP, 45, 52–53, 56–58, 66

in Canada, 51, 92–93

clash with conservative economics, 5, 17, 23, 28–29

and competition state, 43

development of, 23, 26, 31–34

in Germany, 239, 240, 252, 257–58, 263, 265

and globalization, 16, 29

and Labour economic crises, 161–62

success of, 21–22, 31–32

in Sweden, 206, 219, 221–24

technocratic outlook of, 19–20

theory of, 52–53, 56–58, 66

in UK, 169–70

in US, 99, 111

Khadir, Amir, 96, 278

King, Mackenzie, 47

Kinnock, Neil, 165, 166

Kirkland, Lane, 125

Klein, Naomi, 170

Kohl, Helmut, 242

Kucinich, Dennis, 132, 133

La Botz, Dan, 126n1

labor-liberalism, 112–14

labour movement. See unions

Labour Party (United Kingdom): approach to concept of class, 173–75

attempt at democratic reform of, 162–64

as brokerage party, 170–71, 173–75

connection to civil protest movements, 167, 178–79

connection to unions, 56, 153–55, 168, 169

under Ed Miliband, 175–78

and electoral reform, 155–56, 179–80

electoral strategy of, 150–51, 180

establishing identity of, 149–50, 155, 178–79, 181

and inability to confront capitalism, 150, 156–57, 159, 161–62, 177–78

inability to fight Thatcherism, 8, 159–60

and 1970s economic crises, 161–62

origins of, 7, 151–53

parliamentarianism of, 153–55, 159, 160, 165, 170–71, 179, 180

possibility of left leaving, 181–82

and postwar ruling consensus, 157–58

purging its left wing, 164–66

under Tony Blair, 3, 30, 39, 167–70, 171

and 2010 election, 14, 39

2010 leadership contest, 171–73

and working classes, 149, 159

LaFollette, Robert, 109

Lafontaine, Oskar, 242, 243, 254, 256, 260

Laliberté, Raymond, 286

Laughren, Floyd, 66, 68

Lavelle, Ashley David, 184

Laxer, Jim, 57–58

Laycock, David, 64

Layton, Jack, 96, 97, 272, 275, 277, 286

Le Pen, Jean Marie, 39

The Left (Germany): forming of, 259

future direction of, 266, 270

lack of electoral success, 264–65

split in philosophy of, 263–64

support base of, 259–60

working class support of, 239–40, 262–63, 264

Left Party (Sweden), 216–18, 222, 232, 233

Legault, François, 273

Lévesque, René, 279, 284, 285

Lewis, John L., 110

Leys, Colin, 151, 153, 158, 159–60, 162, 181

Liberal-Conservative coalition (Sweden), 214

Liberal Democrats (United Kingdom), 179–80

Liberal-National coalition (Australia), 8, 187–89

Liberal Party (Australia), 197, 202

Liberal Party (Canada), 274

Liberal Party (Sweden), 229

Liberal Party (United Kingdom), 152, 166

liberalism, 106–7, 132

libertarianism, 268

Lichtenstein, Nelson, 112–13

Lindh, Anna, 229

Livingston, Ken, 167, 178–79

Löfven, Stefan, 234

Lundby-Wedin, Wanja, 213, 215, 226

Lyon, Sterling, 77

Mandelson, Peter, 165

Manitoba, 77–82

Marois, Pauline, 273, 282

Marx, Karl, 29

Marxist parties, 82, 94. See also Communist Party

Mazzochi, Tony, 132

McDonough, Alexa, 55

McGovern, George, 124

Meany, George, 125

Meidner, Rudolf, 219

Merkel, Angela, 39

Miliband, David, 150, 172–74, 176

Miliband, Ed, 150, 172–73, 174–78, 180

Miliband, Ralph, 160, 172, 175

Militant Tendency (United Kingdom), 165, 167

Miller, Riel, 66–67

Moderate Party (Sweden), 213, 233

Mondale, Walter, 125

monetarism, 28, 72, 161–62, 168, 171, 246

Morin, Claude, 285

Mortimer, Wyndham, 110

Moschonas, Gerassimos, 2, 49

Mulcair, Thomas, 273, 276, 277, 286

Nader, Ralph, 133

National Party (Australia), 202

nationalization. See public ownership

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 226, 227–28, 246

NDP. See New Democratic Party (NDP) (Canada)

neoliberalism: and Australian Labor Party, 3, 186, 199–201, 203–4

and Blair’s Labour government, 30, 167–70

in British Columbia, 85–88

discontent with, 16, 32, 33–34, 35–39

in Germany, 30, 39, 236, 239, 240, 249, 253–58, 263, 264–67

and globalization, 28–29

in Manitoba, 79–82

and NDP, 45–46, 59, 64, 65, 93–95

in Nova Scotia, 90–92

in Ontario, 69

and Parti Québécois, 280–83

rise of in 1970s, 13, 25

in Saskatchewan, 74–77

social democracy›s adaptation to, 1–2, 19, 22–24, 47, 183–84

success in politics of, 30–31, 34–35

in Sweden, 212, 215, 219–24, 225–26, 234

of Thatcher government, 158, 161

and 2008 recession, 4, 14, 95, 265–66

and unions, 35, 37, 184, 220, 222

in US, 31, 40, 104, 107, 124–25, 127–29, 137

New Deal (United States), 110–11, 130

New Democratic Party (NDP) (Canada): in British Columbia, 82–88

and capitalism, 47–48, 50, 51–53

connection to unions, 53–54, 55–56

and electoralism, 5, 47, 49

founding of, 54–55

and Keynesian welfare state, 52–53, 56–58, 66

in Manitoba, 77–82

and neoliberalism, 45–46, 59, 64, 65, 93–95

in Nova Scotia, 88–93

in Ontario, 66–71, 91

policies of, 6, 48, 51–52, 57–58, 64

as provincial governments, 6, 48–49, 59–60, 65, 71–72

in Québec, 95–97, 273, 275–77, 283, 285–286

in Saskatchewan, 72–77

tie to unions, 54–56, 62–63, 64, 72, 275

transformations of, 6, 45, 48

and 2011

election, 271, 272–73

and working classes, 61, 62–64, 69–70, 73, 82, 89

new economy, 14, 17

New Labour (United Kingdom), 8, 167–70, 172, 175–176

New Left (United Kingdom), 160, 162–64, 165–166, 167

New Left (United States), 123

New Party (United States), 132–33

Nichols, John, 145

Nova Scotia, 88–93

Nuder, Per, 211

Obama, Barack, 15, 40, 173

Obama Administration (United States), 129, 136–37, 142–44

Occupy movement, 145–46, 178–79

Ohio, 139

Ohly, Lars, 217

Ontario, 66–71, 91

Option Citoyenne, 278

Palme government (Sweden), 211, 227

Panitch, Leo, 59, 65, 72, 162, 181

Parizeau, Jacques, 285

Parti Québécois (PQ), 10–11, 273–74, 279–83, 284, 285, 286–288

Parti Socialiste du Québec, 283–284, 285

Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) (Germany): becomes The Left, 239, 259

in East Germany, 236, 244, 245

growth of, 252–53, 259

organization of, 251–52

Pawley government (Man), 77, 78–79

pension plans, 91, 213, 223, 256

Perot, Ross, 128

Persson, Göran, 212, 222, 225, 228

Phillips, Peter, 74

Piazza, James, 184

Piven, Francis Fox, 47

Polanyi, Karl, 18

Pompidou, Georges, 205–6

privatization, 75–76, 168–69, 222–23, 225, 234, 255

Prodi, Romano, 255

Progressive Alliance (United States), 125

Progressive Democrats of America (PDA), 133–34

Przeworski, Adam, 60

public ownership: in British Columbia, 83

CCF/NDP renouncing policy of, 48, 51–52

declining popularity of, 64

in Manitoba, 78

in Saskatchewan, 73, 75–76

in Sweden, 222–23

in UK, 158, 163

public sector unionism, 121, 138–40, 280–81

public spending: in British Columbia, 86, 87

in Germany, 252, 257–58

in Nova Scotia, 91

in Ontario, 69

in Québec, 281–82

in Sweden, 210, 217

in UK, 161, 162, 170

unhappiness with, 33

in US, 142, 143

Québec Solidaire (QS): future of, 11, 287, 288

program, 278–79

rise of, 3–4, 10–11, 271, 274

roots of, 277–78

and 2011 election, 96

Quiet Revolution, 284

racism, 119–20, 242

Rae, Bob, 66, 94

Rainbow Coalition, 125

Reagan Administration (United States), 124

recession of 2008. See economic crisis of 2008

Regina Manifesto, 50

Rehn, Gösta, 219

Reinfelt government (Sweden), 233

Republican Party (United States), 136–39, 142–43

Reuther, Walter, 110, 112, 119, 120

Ridout, Heather, 197

Romanow government (Saskatchewan), 74–77, 90

Roosevelt Administration (United States), 110–12

Rose, Fred, 283

Rudd, Kevin, 189–90, 192

Rudd government (Australia), 194–99, 199–201, 203–4

Sahlin, Mona, 211, 215, 218, 223–24, 233, 234

SAP. See Social Democratic Workers’

Party of Sweden (SAP)

Saskatchewan, 72–77

Schachtman, Max, 118, 126, 127

Schmidt, Sarah, 86–87

Schmidt government (Germany), 260

Schreyer government (Manitoba), 77

Schröder, Gerhard, 30, 37, 39

Schröder government (Germany), 237, 253–58

Schumpeter, Joseph, 13

Schwartz, Joseph, 135

Schyman, Gudrun, 216–17, 231

Scott, Frank, 51–52

Service Employees International Union (SEIU), 144

Smart, John, 50

Smith, John, 167

Social Contract Act (Ontario), 66, 69

social democracy: ability to transform of, 1, 45–46

adaptation to neoliberalism, 1–2, 19, 22–24, 47, 183–84

arises in Wisconsin, 138–39

characteristics of, 18–20

current state of in US, 130–36

dependence on capital, 76–77, 146–47

deradicalization of, 49, 52–53

and economic crisis, 58–59

and economic growth, 5, 10, 16, 40, 42–43

electoral/reform split in, 21–27

fracturing of, in US, 126–27

future of, in Sweden, 229–32

future of, in US, 146–47

history of, in US, 108–26

as political movement in US, 99–105

in Québec, 282–86

recent activism by, in US, 140–42, 143–44

recent history of, 13–15

recent research on, 206–7

and 2008 recession, 4

and unions, 26, 32, 37, 55, 60, 106, 141–42

US definition of, 105–8

Social Democratic Party (SPD) (Germany): explanation of electoral results, 10, 268–70

future direction of, 266

and German unity, 235–36, 240–41, 242, 243, 269

and globalization, 249

and neoliberalism, 30, 39, 239, 253–28

policies of, 247–48

political deadlock with CDU, 248–49

shift from class-based politics of, 9–10, 267–68

in 2009 elections, 14, 237, 265

wins 1998 election, 238, 250

and working classes, 3, 250, 261–62

Social Democratic Party (SDP) (United Kingdom), 166

Social Democratic Women (Sweden), 208, 230

Social Democratic Workers’

Party of Sweden (SAP): change in party program, 9, 224–26

collaboration with Green Party, 217–18

and communism, 216, 217–18

foreign policy of, 226–29

links to social movements, 218, 232

links to unions, 207–8, 211, 213–15, 229, 234

and neoliberal economics, 219–24, 225–26

organization of, 207–13

success of, 3, 33, 205

and 2010 election, 9, 233–234

social movements: in Britain, 167, 178–79

in Québec, 272, 275, 278, 284

in Sweden, 218, 230–32

in US, 145–46

Socialist Forum (Sweden), 232

Socialist Party (United States), 103, 109, 114, 118, 121, 126–27

Socialist Party USA, 126

Soviet Union, 25, 115

SPD. See Social Democratic Party (SPD) (Germany)

stagflation, 124, 185

Stanford, Jim, 90

The State in Capitalist Society (Miliband), 160

Svanberg, Carl-Henric, 229

Sverige-Demokraterna (Sweden), 233

Swartz, Donald, 65, 72

Sweeney, John, 129

Taft-Hartley Act (US), 114

Taylor, Robert, 2

technocratic outlook, 19–20, 27

Thatcher government (United Kingdom), 151, 157–58, 160–61, 167

Third Way: and Blair’s Labour, 39, 168, 222, 255

in Germany, 249, 253–54, 263

and globalization, 29

in Manitoba, 79

short-lived success of, 16, 36–39

social democrats adaptation to, 19, 22–24, 30–31

in Sweden, 220, 222

technocratic outlook of, 19–20, 27

in US, 40, 127–28. See also neoliberalism

Toynbee, Polly, 179

trade unions. See unions

Treaty of Lisbon, 215, 222, 229

Trudeau, Pierre, 71

Truman Administration (United States), 114, 115

Trumka, Richard, 144

Turmel, Nycole, 276

Turnbull, Malcolm, 197

Union des forces progressistes (UFP), 278

unions: and Australia’s industrial relations, 187–93, 196, 197, 198–201

in British Columbia, 84, 85–86

and change to working classes, 24–27

and civil rights, 119–20, 122–23

early representation in British Parliament, 152–53

effect of neoliberalism on, 35, 37, 184, 220, 222

in German politics, 246–47, 250, 263

importance in Canada, 6, 61

loss of direction in UK, 159–160

in Manitoba, 77, 78, 81

and New Deal, 110, 111

in 1970s-80s US, 125–26

opposition to EU membership, 229, 231

opposition to neoliberalism in Sweden, 220, 222

and Parti Québécois, 280–81, 283

in post-war US, 102, 104, 107, 114, 115–18

in Québec, 272, 275

relations with Australian Labor Party, 8, 184–87, 194, 203–4

relations with German Social Democrats, 245, 255–56

relations with Swedish Social Democrats, 207–8, 211, 213–15, 229, 234

relationship with social democracy, 26, 32, 37, 55, 60, 141–42

in Saskatchewan, 73–74

and social movements, 123, 232

tie to CCF/NDP, 54–56, 62–63, 64, 72, 275

tie to Labour Party (UK), 56, 153–55, 168, 169

tie to Ontario Liberals, 70–71

and US labor-liberalism, 112–13, 117

in US today, 130, 138–39, 144

US Labor Party, 132

Vietnam War, 123, 218, 227

Wagner Act (United States), 110, 111

Walker, Scott, 138, 139

WASG (The Electoral Alternative Work and Social Justice) (Germany), 239, 253, 259

Waters, Maxine, 132

Weir, Erin, 76

welfare state. See Keynesian welfare state

Wellstone, Paul, 132

Whitehorn, Alan, 63

Whitlam government (Australia), 185

Wilcox, Murray, 199

Wilson government (United Kingdom), 161, 163

Winnipeg Declaration, 52

Wisconsin, 138–39, 140–41

women’s movement, 230–31

WorkChoices legislation (Australia), 187–93, 194–95, 202

working classes: abandonment of, 21–22, 24

and Australian Labor Party, 185

change in composition of, 23–27, 43, 58–59, 60–61

and Clinton Administration, 129

competition for vote of, 22–23

difficulties for within US political system, 101, 103–4, 105

identified with Labour Party (UK), 149, 159

identified with Swedish Social Democrats, 207–8, 211, 234

and NDP, 61, 62–64, 69–70, 73, 82, 89

and Parti Québécois, 280

Republican Party attacks on, 124, 138–39, 140

and Third Way, 31

ties to German political parties, 239–40, 250, 251, 260, 261–63, 264, 266

US programs for, 122–23

voting pattern in Germany, 240, 244–45, 250, 257, 262

voting pattern in Sweden, 213

World Trade Organization (WTO), 254

Xenophon, Nick, 195

Yugoslavia war, 37, 227–28, 237, 246, 254, 256

Zwickel, Klaus, 250

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