Selected Bibliography

Archival and Library Sources

National Film Board Archives (NFBA), Montréal

According to Need file
Across Arctic Ungava file
Annual reports, 1939–80
Canadian Landscape file
Challenge for Change file
Chemical Conquest file
Coal Face Canada file
Cree Hunters of Mistassini file
Deadly Dilemma file
Death of a Legend file
Down North file
The Enduring Wilderness file
Five Steps to Better Farm Living file
High Arctic: Life on the Land file
Land in Trust file
Land of the Long Day file
Netsilik Series file
NFB minutes, 1939–75
Poison, Pests, and People file
River with a Problem file
Timber Front file
Windbreaks on the Prairies file
World at Your Feet file

Library and Archives Canada (LAC), Ottawa

Canadian Parks Service, RG 84

Montréal Botanical Gardens (MBC), Montréal, Québec

Jacques Rousseau fonds

Vincent Massey Archives (VMA), Toronto

Vincent Massey papers

Films

The Accessible North. Produced by David Bairstow, NFB, 1967.
According to Need. Produced by Dallas Jones, NFB, 1944.
Across Arctic Ungava. Produced by Michael Spencer, NFB, 1949.
The Air of Death. Produced by Larry Gosnell, CBC, 1967.
Alexander Mackenzie: Lord of the North. Produced by David Bairstow, NFB, 1964.
Angotee: Story of an Eskimo Boy. Produced by Doug Wilkinson, NFB, 1953.
The Annanacks. Produced by René Bonnière, NFB, 1964.
Arctic Hunters. Produced by Laura Boulton, NFB, 1944.
Arctic IV. Produced by Colin Low, NFB, 1974.
The Ballad of Crowfoot. Produced by Willie Dunn, NFB, 1968.
Battle for Oil. Produced by Stuart Spottiswoode, NFB, 1942.
Battle of the Harvests. Produced by Stanley Jackson, NFB, 1942.
Between Two Worlds. Produced by Peter Raymont, NFB, 1990.
Blake. Produced by Douglas Jackson, NFB, 1969.
Canada: The Land. Produced by Gerald Potterton, NFB, 1971.
Canadian Landscape. Produced by Radford Crawley, NFB, 1941.
Canadian Wheat Story. Produced by J. Stanley Moore, NFB, 1944.
Chemical Conquest. Produced by Michael Spencer, NFB, 1956.
Class Project: The Garbage Movie. Directed by Martin DeFalco, NFB, 1980.
Climate on the Edge. Produced by Jean Lemire, NFB, 2003.
Coal Face Canada. Produced by Robert Edmonds, NFB, 1944.
Cree Hunters of Mistassini. Produced by Colin Low, NFB, 1974.
Cry of the Wild. Produced by Bill Mason, NFB, 1972.
Deadly Dilemma. Produced by Don Mulholland, NFB, 1961.
Death of a Legend. Produced by Bill Mason, NFB, 1971.
Down North. Produced by John Howe, NFB, 1958.
The Enduring Wilderness. Produced by Ernest Reid, NFB, 1963.
Epilogue. Produced by William Pettigrew, NFB, 1971.
Eskimo Arts and Crafts. Produced by Laura Boulton, NFB, 1943.
Eskimo Summer. Produced by Laura Boulton, NFB, 1944.
Exercise Muskox. Produced by Robert Anderson and E. W. Scythes, NFB, 1946.
Farm Electrification. Produced by Evelyn Cherry, NFB, 1946.
Five Steps to Better Farm Living. Produced by Evelyn Cherry, NFB, 1945.
Hands for the Harvest. Produced by James Beveridge, NFB, 1943.
High Arctic: Life on the Land. Produced by Strowan Robertson and Hugh O’Connor, NFB, 1958.
Highways North. Produced by Canada in Action Series, NFB, 1944.
How to Build an Igloo. Produced by Doug Wilkinson, NFB, 1949.
If the Weather Permits. Produced by Elisapie Isaac, NFB, 2003.
In Search of the Bowhead Whale. Produced by William Brind, NFB, 1974.
Inuuvunga: I Am Inuk, I Am Alive. Produced by Pierre Lapointe, NFB, 2004.
Land in Trust. Produced by Lawrence Cherry and Evelyn Cherry, NFB, 1949.
Land of Pioneers. Produced by James Beveridge and Margaret Perry, NFB, 1944.
Land of the Long Day. Produced by Michael Spencer, NFB, 1952.
The Last Voyage of Henry Hudson. Produced by Richard Gilbert, NFB, 1964.
Let’s Look at Water. Produced by Harold Randall, NFB, 1947.
Look to the Forest. Produced by Donald Fraser, NFB, 1950.
Look to the North. Produced by James Beveridge, NFB, 1944.
Morning on the Lièvre. Produced by David Bairstow, NFB, 1961.
Nanook of the North. Produced by Robert Flaherty, 1922.
New Home in the West. Produced by Dallas Jones NFB, 1943.
North. Produced by Bill Canning, NFB, 1969.
A Northern Challenge. Produced by Bill Roozeboom, NFB, 1973.
Northwest by Air. Produced by James Beveridge and Margaret Parry, NFB, 1944.
Northwest Frontier. Produced by James Beveridge, NFB, 1942.
Our Land Is Our Life. Produced by Boyce Richardson, NFB, 1974.
Our Northern Citizen. Produced by Grant McLean, NFB, 1956.
Paddle to the Sea. Produced by Bill Mason, NFB, 1966.
Paul Tomkowicz: Street-Railway Switchman. Produced by Romon Kroitor and Tom Daly, NFB, 1953.
People of the Ice. Produced by Jean Lemire, NFB, 2003.
Poison, Pests, and People. Produced by Don Mulholland, NFB, 1960.
Pour la suite du monde. Produced by Pierre Perrault and Michel Brault, NFB, 1963.
Qallunaat! Why White People Are Funny. Produced by Mark Sandiford, NFB, 2006.
Red Runs the Fraser. Produced by Sydney Newman, NFB, 1949.
Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes. Produced by Bill Mason, NFB, 1968.
River with a Problem. Produced by David Bairstow, NFB, 1961.
Soils for Tomorrow. Produced by Alvin Armstrong, NFB, 1945.
Song of the Mountains. Produced by NFB, 1947.
Stefansson: The Arctic Prophet. Produced by John Kemeny, NFB, 1965.
The Strategy of Metals. Produced by Stuart Legg, NFB, 1941.
The Things I Cannot Change. Produced by John Kemeny, NFB, 1967.
Timber Front. Produced by Stanley Hawes and Frank Badgley, NFB, 1940.
Tomorrow Is Too Late. Produced by David Bairstow, NFB, 1974.
Trees Are a Crop. Produced by Evelyn Cherry, NFB, 1950.
Water for Prairies. Produced by Lawrence Cherry, NFB, 1950.
Windbreaks on the Prairies. Produced by Evelyn Cherry, NFB, 1943.
The World at Your Feet. Produced by Michael Spencer, NFB, 1953.
You Are on Indian Land. Produced by George C. Stoney, NFB, 1969.

Primary Sources

Cyanamid of Canada. Your Farm and How to Keep It Productive. Montréal: Cyanamid, 1959.

Grierson, John. “The Documentary Idea.” Complete Photographer 4, no. 92 (1942): 83–86.

———. “A Film Policy for Canada.” Canadian Affairs 1 (1944): 3–15.

———. “Memo to Michelle About Decentralizing the Means of Production.” CFC/SN Newsletter 8 (1972): 4–7.

Mason, Bill. Canoescapes. Toronto: Stoddart, 1995.

———. Path of the Paddle. Toronto: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980.

———. “Perspectives on Wilderness and Creativity.” Park News 19, no. 2 (1982): 9–11.

———. Song of the Paddle. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 1988.

Richardson, Boyce. Strangers Devour the Land. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1991.

Rousseau, Jacques. “Northern Research Reports: Botany: By Canoe Across the Ungava Peninsula via the Kogaluk and Payne Rivers.” Arctic 1, no. 2 (1948): 133–35.

———. “Toundra.” Extrait de liaison, January 1950, 31–35.

———. “À travers l’Ungava.” Actualité économique 25 (1949): 83–120.

———. “The Vegetation and Life Zones of George River, Eastern Ungava and the Welfare of the Natives.” Arctic 1, no. 2 (1948): 93–96.

Wilkinson, Doug. Land of the Long Day. Toronto: Clarke, Irwin, 1955.

Government Publications and Documents

An Act Respecting the National Film Board. R.S.C. 1950.

An Act to Create a National Film Board. R.S.C. 1939.

Advisory Committee on Post-War Reconstruction. Final Report of the Subcommittee. Ottawa: Edmond Cloutier, 1944.

Canada. Lands, Parks and Forests Branch: Report for the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 1939. Ottawa: Department of Mines and Resources, 1939.

———. Report of the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters and Sciences. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1951.

———. Wisdom’s Heritage: The National Parks of Canada. Ottawa: Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, 1957.

Hare, H. R. Little Chats on Farm Management. Ottawa: Economics Division—Marketing Service, Dominion Department of Agriculture, 1943.

National Film Board. Canada: A Year of the Land. Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1967.

Ontario Advisory Committee on Pollution. Report of the Committee Appointed to Inquire into and Report upon the Pollution of Air, Soil, and Water in the Townships of Dunnville, Moulton, and Sherbrooke, Haldimand County. Toronto: Queen’s Printer, 1968.

Secondary Sources

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Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Spread of Nationalism. 1983. Reprint, New York: Verso, 1991.

Atwood, Margaret. Strange Things: The Malevolent North in Canadian Literature. Oxford: Clarendon, 1995.

Balazs, Béla. “Theory of the Film.” In Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Reading, 3rd ed., edited by Gerald Mast and Marshall Cohen, 255–64. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.

Balpataky, Katherine. “Call of the Wild.” Excerpted from Canadian Wildlife, Winter 2004. Hinterland Who’s Who: 50 Years. https://www.hww.ca/en/about-us/50th/history.html.

Banfield, A. W. F. “Review of Never Cry Wolf.” Canadian Field Naturalist 78, no. 1 (1964): 52–53.

Berton, Pierre. The Mysterious North. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1956.

Bocking, Stephen. “Science and Spaces in the Northern Environment.” Environmental History 12 (2007): 867–94.

Booklist. “Cree Hunters of Mistassini Film Review.” November 1975.

Bousé, Derek. Wildlife Films. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 2000.

Braun, Bruce. The Intemperate Rainforest: Nature, Culture, and Power on Canada’s West Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002.

Brereton, Pat. Hollywood Utopia: Ecology in Contemporary American Cinema. Bristol: Intellect, 2005.

Buchanan, Donald. “The Projection of Canada.” University of Toronto Quarterly 13, no. 4 (1944): 298–305.

Buck, Ken. Bill Mason: Wilderness Artist from Heart to Hand. Calgary: Rocky Mountain Books, 2005.

Burnett, Alexander J. A Passion for Wildlife: The History of the Canadian Wildlife Service. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2003.

Burt, Jonathan. Animals in Film. London: Reaktion, 2002.

Campbell, Claire. “‘It Was Canadian, Then Typically Canadian’: Revisiting Wilderness at Historic Sites.” British Journal of Canadian Studies 21, no. 1 (2008): 5–34.

Carlson, Hans. Home Is the Hunter. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2009.

Carson, Rachel. Silent Spring. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1962.

Cavell, Janice. “Arctic Exploration in Canadian Print Culture, 1890–1930.” Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada 44, no. 2 (2006): 7–43.

———. Tracing the Connected Narrative: Arctic Exploration in British Print Culture, 1818–1860. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008.

Chris, Cynthia. Watching Wildlife. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007.

Clark-Jones, Melissa. A Staple State: Canadian Industrial Resources in Cold War. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987.

Cox, Kirwan. “Canada.” In Encyclopedia of Documentary Film, edited by Ian Aitken, 125–36. New York: Routledge, 2006.

Creighton, Donald. The Commercial Empire of the St. Lawrence 1760–1850. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1937.

Cronin, J. Keri. Manufacturing National Park Nature: Photography, Ecology, and the Wilderness Industry of Jasper. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2012.

Cronon, William, ed. Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature. New York: W. W. Norton, 1995.

Cubitt, Sean. EcoMedia: Key Issues. New York: Rodopi, 2005.

Davidson, Peter. The Idea of the North. London: Reaktion, 2005.

Denisko, Olga. “Pot Pourri.” NFB Newsletter, Summer 1975.

———. “Working in the Private Film Industry.” Interlock 4–5 (1976): 15–20.

Desbiens, Caroline. Power from the North: Territory, Identity, and the Culture of Hydroelectricity in Québec. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2013.

Diebel, Linda. “The Aftermath: Natives Settle for 150 Million.” Gazette (Montréal), 16 November 1974.

Dixon, Guy. “Budget Cuts? The National Film Board Is Not Afraid.” Globe and Mail, 16 April 2012. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/budget-cuts-national-film-board-is-not-afraid/article4100642/.

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Druick, Zoe. “Meeting at the Poverty Line: Government Policy, Social Work, and Media Activism in the Challenge for Change Program.” In Challenge for Change: Activist Documentary at the National Film Board of Canada, edited by Thomas Waugh, Michael Brendan Baker, and Ezra Winton, 337–53. Montréal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2010.

———. Projecting Canada: Government Policy and Documentary Film at the National Film Board. Montréal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2007.

Dunaway, Finis. Natural Visions: The Power of Images in American Environmental Reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.

Dyce, Matt, and Jonathan Peyton. “Magical Realism: Canadian Geography on Screen in the 1950s.” NiCHE, 21 February 2018. https://niche-canada.org/2018/02/21/magical-regionalism-canadian-geography-on-screen-in-the-1950s/#_edn29.

Evans, Clinton. War on Weeds in the Prairie West: An Environmental History. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 2002.

Evans, Gary. In the National Interest: A Chronicle of the National Film Board of Canada from 1949 to 1989. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991.

Evernden, Neil. The Social Creation of Nature. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

Farish, Matthew, and P. Whitney Lackenbauer. “High Modernism in the Arctic: Planning Frobisher Bay and Inuvik.” Journal of Historical Geography 35, no. 3 (2009): 517–44.

Feit, Harvey A. “Hunting and the Quest for Power: The James Bay Cree and the Whitemen in the 20th Century.” In Native Peoples: The Canadian Experience, edited by R. Bruce Morrison and C. Roderick Wilson, 181–223. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1995.

Fienup-Riordan, Ann. Freeze Frame: Alaska Eskimos in the Movies. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1995.

Francis, Douglas R. The Technological Imperative in Canada: An Intellectual History. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2009.

Frye, Northrop. The Bush Garden: Essays on the Canadian Imagination. Toronto: Anansi, 1971.

Fullerton, Christopher. “A Changing of the Guard: Regional Planning in Ottawa, 1945–1974.” Urban History Review 34, no. 1 (2005): 100–112.

Gandy, Matthew. Concrete and Clay: Reworking Nature in New York City. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003.

Gillis, R. Peter, and Thomas Roach. Lost Initiatives: Canada’s Forest Industries, Forest Policy, and Forest Conservation. New York: Greenwood, 1986.

Gittings, Christopher E. Canadian National Cinema: Ideology, Difference, and Representation. New York: Routledge, 2002.

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———. “River Pollution a Serious Matter.” 15 July 1955.

Goetz, William. “The Canadian Wartime Documentary: Canada Carries On and The World in Action.” Cinema Journal 16, no. 2 (Spring 1977): 59–80.

Gottlieb, Robert. Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the Environmental Movement. Washington, DC: Island Press, 1993.

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Grant, Shelagh. “Myths of North in Canadian Ethos.” Northern Review 3, no. 4 (1989): 15–41.

Gray, Walter. “A Perfect Example of Pollution.” Globe and Mail, 1 June 1961.

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Haffner, Jeanne. The View from Above: The Science of Social Space. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2013.

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Hamelin, Louis-Edmond. Canadian Nordicity: It’s Your North Too. Montréal: Harvest House, 1979.

Harcourt, Peter. “Images and Information: The Dialogic Structure of Bûcherons de la Manouane by Arthur Lamothe.” In Candid Eyes: Essays on Canadian Documentaries, edited by Jim Leach and Jeannette Sloniowski, 61–74. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.

———. “The Innocent Eye: An Aspect of the Work of the National Film Board of Canada.” Sight and Sound 34, no. 1 (1965): 19–23.

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Harris, Richard. Creeping Conformity: How Canada Became Suburban. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004.

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———. Explorations in Environmental History: Essays. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998.

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Hochman, Jhan. Green Cultural Studies: Nature in Film, Novel, and Theory. Moscow: University of Idaho Press, 1998.

Hodgins, Bruce, and Jamie Benidickson. The Temagami Experience: Recreation, Resources and Aboriginal Rights in the Northern Ontario Wilderness. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989.

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———. The Fur Trade in Canada: An Introduction to Canadian Economic History. 1930. Reprint, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1999.

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———. Wilderness and the American Mind. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982.

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———. “‘Give Earth a Chance’: The Environmental Movement and the 1960s.” Journal of American History 90, no. 2 (2003): 525–54.

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Starblanket, Noel. “A Voice for Indians: An Indian Film Crew.” CFC/SN Newsletter 2 (1968): 11.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. The Friendly Arctic: The Story of Five Years in Polar Regions. New York: Macmillan, 1922.

Stevens, Peter. Brink of Reality: New Canadian Documentary Film and Video. Toronto: Between the Lines, 1993.

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Index